Van Zandt County was established in 1848 from Henderson County and named for Republic of Texas diplomat Isaac Van Zandt. Van Zandt County is famously known as the "Free State of Van Zandt". This nickname arose from its reputation as a rugged, independent, and sparsely populated area that briefly attempted secession from both the Confederacy and the U.S. after the Civil War. The "Free State" Legend: Following the Civil War in 1867, residents grew tired of federal occupation and declared independence. The uprising was quickly suppressed by General Philip Sheridan’s troops after the local "army" became intoxicated during celebrations. Another origin story suggests it was called a "free state" because it was created without inheriting debt from Henderson County. The county seat of Canton was laid out in 1850 and is home to the famous First Monday Trade Days. Historically dominated by agriculture, including many sharecroppers, the area was stabilized by New Deal programs, particularly in its agricultural and salt mining sectors.
